features of the Indian Constitution

 

 Discuss the key features of the Indian Constitution?

Ans.

Every country in the world has a constitution. This constitution is a reflection of the socioeconomic status of the country concerned.

 The main features of the Indian Constitution are discussed below: -

*1)The world's largest constitution:

  In the original constitution 395 Clauses, subsections and 8 The list was. Later, the Constitution was amended several times, resulting in a few New sections and lists have been added. Amended Constitution 405 Clause, numerous subsections and 12 The list is there.

The reason the Constitution is so frequent is that it has liberal moral democracy on, one hand, Various ideologies like socialism, public welfare state and Gandhism have been co-opted. On the other hand, the democratic states of the world are constitutional Experience has been gathered to try to make the constitution more complete by collecting various rules and regulations.

In addition to the distribution of power at the Center and State, discussions on Sakari and regional languages, Its shape has been increased to secure special constituencies, such as the Election Commission.

*2) A combination of written and unwritten constitutions:

Although the Indian Constitution was originally written, some of the features of the Unwritten Constitution can also be used. The Indian Constitution has occupied an important place in the customs, customs, and customs.

For example, in the Lok Sabha, when a government bill is voted on, the government is defeated The cabinet meeting has to resign. This practice is not written in the Indian constitution in parliamentary democracy.

*3) Constitution Recommendations:

A proposal has been added to the Indian constitution in imitation of the United States. These proposals indicate the constitution's motivation, moral ideals and original writings. In the preamble, India should be a totalitarian, socialist, secular, democratic, Generally described as.

Besides establishing social, economic and political justice, opinions, beliefs and Somewhere in the proposal the freedom of worship, the worship of every person and the establishment of the ideal of the brotherhood have been suggested in some places.

*4) A mixture of the flexible and rigid constitution:

The creation of new states, changes of boundaries or names of old states, creation or abolition of legislative councils Changes in the field of cases, such as a large number of seats in both houses of parliament, are needed. 

But to fix issues like the election of the President, the distribution of power of the Union State, the amendment of the constitution, the speciality of both the houses of Parliament In addition to the majority support, at least half of the states need support.

*5)Coordination of federal and central governance:

Written and revocable constitution, distribution of power between the Center and the states, the status of a neutral federal court India has some of the main features of the United States. However, in many cases, the tendency towards homogeneity is strong  Some constitutionalists have called India a semi-annexed state.

*6) Governance of the parliament:

The governance of the Council of Ministers of India has been established in imitation of England. All the governing powers of the country are vested in the President's office, but the President is the head of all government. Real power is not in his hands. There is a cabinet headed by the Prime Minister to govern the country.

*7) Basic Rights:

Chapter III of the Indian Constitution speaks of six basic rights.

The rights are:

A) Right to time or.

B)The right to freedom.

C)Rights against exploitation.

D)The right to religious freedom.

E)Rights related to culture and education.

F)The right to constitutional regulation.

Needless to say, these adventures are not arbitrary. Reasonable restrictions on rights are imposed in the larger national interest. The rights are enforceable by the court. What is more, the right to work or any other economic right has not been included in the Fundamental Rights chapter.

*8)Owner duties:

1976 In the 42 The amendment of the constitution of Tom speaks of the duty of the masters of Indian citizens. Although these powers cannot be enforced by the courts, they are meant to instil a spirit of unity and patriotism among the citizens.

*9) Instructional policy:

In the fourth chapter of the Indian Constitution in imitation of the Constitution of Ireland  36 From 51 No. The paragraph mentions some guiding principles in the management of the state. These rights are not enforceable by the court as a fundamental right. They are essential for establishing the social and economic rights of the citizens and for building a public welfare society. 

*10) Coordination between the jurisdiction of the judiciary and the sovereignty of Parliament:

The supremacy of Parliament in England and the jurisdiction of the United States of America The Indian constitution is moderated between these two systems. The Supreme Court's role as guardian of the Constitution and the protector of fundamental rights has been subjected to, At the same time, the sovereignty of Parliament has been subjected to certain constitutions.

*11)Secularism:

An important feature of the Indian Constitution is secularism. The state is completely neutral in religious matters. The state does not favour any particular religion.

*12)One citizenship:

Like the United States, India has never been victimized India. The people of India all belong to the Indian United States on this day. No state citizenship has been victimized here.

*13) Emergency Powers:

Special measures have been inserted in the Indian constitution to address the state of emergency. Of the Presidential Constitution 352, 356 And 360 no. National emergency, respectively, In the state, the governing body can declare a known emergency and financial emergency. Many have criticized the constitutional system for this emergency as "open-minded".

*14) Special reservation:

In the Indian constitution, several special measures have been taken to improve the socio-economic and culturally backward classes. Of the Constitution 330 From 340 No. The section discusses the privilege of privilege for heat-laden races, tribes and Indians.

Examples include mentioning the advantages of securing seats in the Legislative Assembly, securing positions in government jobs, special financial incentives for education.

From the above features, it is prefaced that the creators of the Indian Constitution As far as Britain, the United States is bourgeois, democratic Inspired by the ideals of the state, the former Soviet Union or the Commonwealth Like China was not inspired by the ideals of a socialist state.